Intermediate 25 min read

Dynamic sObjects

By the end of this lesson, you'll be able to:

Access a field by name at runtime using get() and put()
Explain when a dynamic field access is necessary versus dot notation
Use Schema-based type resolution to create an sObject when the type isn't known at compile time

Prerequisites: "What Is an sObject?"

Reading and writing a field dynamically

Account acc = new Account();
acc.put('Name', 'Acme Logistics'); // same as acc.Name = 'Acme Logistics'
System.debug(acc.get('Name'));      // same as acc.Name

put(fieldName, value) and get(fieldName) access a field using its API name as a String, rather than the fixed acc.Name dot notation. The result is identical — this is purely a different way of reading and writing the same field.

When this is actually necessary

public void updateFieldDynamically(sObject record, String fieldName, Object newValue) {
    record.put(fieldName, newValue);
}

Account acc = new Account();
updateFieldDynamically(acc, 'Industry', 'Manufacturing');

Dot notation (acc.Industry = 'Manufacturing') requires knowing the field name when the code is written. If the field name itself is only known at runtime — say, from a configuration record or a method parameter, as in updateFieldDynamically above — dynamic access is the only option, since there's no way to write acc.fieldName literally.

A real business example: Configurable Field Mapping

Map<String, Object> importedRow = new Map<String, Object>{
    'Name' => 'Riverbend Farms',
    'Industry' => 'Agriculture'
};

Account acc = new Account();
for (String fieldName : importedRow.keySet()) {
    acc.put(fieldName, importedRow.get(fieldName));
}

A data import tool that reads column names from a spreadsheet has no way to know those field names at compile time — dynamic put() is exactly what makes a genuinely reusable import routine possible, regardless of which fields a given spreadsheet happens to contain.

Exercise

Write a method getFieldValue(sObject record, String fieldName) that returns the value of the given field using dynamic access.

Show hint

return record.get(fieldName);

APEX

Dynamic sObjects Quiz

1. When is dynamic field access (get/put) necessary instead of dot notation?

When the field name is only known at runtime, not when the code is written Always — dot notation is deprecated Only for custom fields Never — they behave identically in every case

My Notes

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Summary

Sometimes the field or object you need to work with isn't known until the code actually runs — dynamic sObject access handles this using field names as Strings instead of fixed dot notation.

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